{"id":24,"date":"2016-12-20T10:23:47","date_gmt":"2016-12-20T10:23:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.documentaria.ro\/content\/?p=24"},"modified":"2017-10-22T13:32:57","modified_gmt":"2017-10-22T13:32:57","slug":"slice-1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.documentaria.ro\/content\/archives\/24","title":{"rendered":"Agricultura de subzisten\u021b\u0103"},"content":{"rendered":"

[vc_row unlock_row_content=”yes” row_height_percent=”100″ back_image=”9″ parallax=”yes” overlay_alpha=”0″ gutter_size=”3″ shift_y=”0″ row_name=”SUS”][vc_column column_width_percent=”100″ position_horizontal=”left” position_vertical=”bottom” align_horizontal=”align_center” overlay_alpha=”25″ gutter_size=”3″ medium_width=”0″ shift_x=”0″ shift_y=”0″ z_index=”0″ width=”1\/1″][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

AGRICULTURA
\nDE SUBZISTEN\u021a\u0102<\/span><\/h1>\n

f<\/span>otografii de<\/span> Ioana C\u00eerlig<\/span> \u0219i<\/span> Marin Raica
\n<\/span>text de<\/span> Sorana St\u0103nescu
\n<\/span>infografic:<\/span> quickdata.ro<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row unlock_row_content=”yes” row_height_percent=”5″ override_padding=”yes” h_padding=”0″ top_padding=”1″ bottom_padding=”1″ overlay_alpha=”50″ gutter_size=”3″ shift_y=”0″][vc_column column_width_percent=”65″ position_vertical=”middle” align_horizontal=”align_center” back_color=”color-xsdn” overlay_alpha=”50″ gutter_size=”2″ medium_width=”0″ shift_x=”0″ shift_y=”0″ z_index=”0″ width=”1\/1″][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

Material realizat cu sprijinul\u00a0Uniunii Europene.\u00a0Opiniile exprimate \u00een acest material\u00a0nu reprezint\u0103 \u00een mod necesar pozi\u021bia oficial\u0103 a Uniunii Europene, cu excep\u021bia cazurilor c\u00e2nd aceasta este formulat\u0103 explicit.<\/span><\/em><\/h6>\n

[\/vc_column_text][vc_single_image media=”122″ media_width_percent=”20″ alignment=”center” advanced=”yes” media_items=”media|original” media_overlay_opacity=”50″ media_image_anim=”no” media_padding=”2″ lbox_caption=”yes” lbox_connected=”yes”][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row row_height_percent=”0″ overlay_color=”color-xsdn” overlay_alpha=”90″ gutter_size=”3″ shift_y=”0″ row_name=”TEXT”][vc_column column_width_percent=”70″ overlay_alpha=”50″ gutter_size=”3″ medium_width=”0″ shift_x=”0″ shift_y=”0″ z_index=”0″ width=”1\/1″][vc_column_text]Unul din doi rom\u00e2ni tr\u0103ie\u0219te \u00een mediul rural, conform Institutului Na\u021bional de Statistic\u0103. Unii dintre ei muncesc, unii sunt pensionari, unii sunt elevi sau studen\u021bi, iar al\u021bii pur \u0219i simplu nu au activitate.<\/p>\n

Din totalul celor de peste 15 ani care au activit\u0103\u021bi economice pentru a ob\u021bine bani sau plata \u00een natur\u0103 \u2013 cu alte cuvinte, din totalul celor care muncesc pentru a se \u00eentre\u021bine \u2013, doar 39% sunt angaja\u021bi \u0219i primesc un salariu (la ora\u0219, num\u0103rul lor e mai mult dec\u00e2t dublu). Restul tr\u0103iesc din activit\u0103\u021bi indepedente (din munca cu ziua \u0219i, \u00een primul r\u00e2nd, din ceea ce cultiv\u0103 \u0219i din animalele pe care le cresc, adic\u0103 din agricultura de subzisten\u021b\u0103) sau sunt membri ai familiei acestora, lucreaz\u0103 \u00een gospod\u0103ria lor \u0219i nu primesc salariu sau plata \u00een natur\u0103 \u2013 sunt a\u0219a numi\u021bii \u201elucr\u0103tori casnici neremunera\u021bi\u201d.<\/p>\n

De regul\u0103 capul familiei este considerat lucr\u0103torul independent, iar so\u021bia \u0219i copiii majori (dac\u0103 nu studiaz\u0103 \u0219i nu sunt angaja\u021bi) sunt lucr\u0103tori familiali neremunera\u021bi. Din punct de vedere statistic, \u0219i lucr\u0103torii independen\u021bi, \u0219i cei casnici neremunera\u021bi sunt considera\u021bi popula\u021bie activ\u0103 \u0219i \u201eocupat\u0103\u201d (\u00een sensul literal \u201ecare are o ocupa\u021bie\u201d). Asta explic\u0103 de ce, \u00een ciuda unui num\u0103r mic de angaja\u021bi, Rom\u00e2nia are \u0219i o rat\u0103 mic\u0103 a \u0219omajului \u2013 pentru c\u0103 foarte mul\u021bi rom\u00e2ni sunt angrena\u021bi, de fapt, \u00een agricultura de subzisten\u021b\u0103.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row unlock_row_content=”yes” row_height_percent=”5″ override_padding=”yes” h_padding=”0″ top_padding=”0″ bottom_padding=”0″ overlay_alpha=”50″ gutter_size=”3″ medium_visibility=”yes” mobile_visibility=”yes” shift_y=”0″][vc_column column_width_percent=”100″ position_vertical=”middle” align_horizontal=”align_center” override_padding=”yes” column_padding=”0″ overlay_alpha=”50″ gutter_size=”3″ medium_width=”0″ shift_x=”0″ shift_y=”0″ z_index=”0″ width=”1\/1″][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1481927641562{padding-top: -5px !important;padding-right: -5px !important;padding-bottom: -5px !important;padding-left: -5px !important;}”]<\/p>\n

mouse over pentru navigare sau click pentru a deschide galeria de fotografii<\/span><\/em><\/h6>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row unlock_row_content=”yes” row_height_percent=”5″ override_padding=”yes” h_padding=”0″ top_padding=”0″ bottom_padding=”0″ overlay_alpha=”50″ gutter_size=”3″ desktop_visibility=”yes” shift_y=”0″][vc_column column_width_percent=”100″ position_vertical=”middle” align_horizontal=”align_center” override_padding=”yes” column_padding=”0″ overlay_alpha=”50″ gutter_size=”3″ medium_width=”0″ shift_x=”0″ shift_y=”0″ z_index=”0″ width=”1\/1″][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1482059666573{padding-top: -5px !important;padding-right: -5px !important;padding-bottom: -5px !important;padding-left: -5px !important;}”]<\/p>\n

gliseaza pentru mai multe\u00a0fotografii<\/span><\/em><\/h6>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row unlock_row_content=”yes” row_height_percent=”0″ override_padding=”yes” h_padding=”0″ top_padding=”0″ bottom_padding=”0″ overlay_alpha=”50″ gutter_size=”0″ shift_y=”0″ row_name=”FOTOGRAFII” css=”.vc_custom_1481753206701{padding-top: -100% !important;}”][vc_column column_width_percent=”10″ align_horizontal=”align_center” override_padding=”yes” column_padding=”0″ back_color=”color-xsdn” overlay_alpha=”50″ gutter_size=”0″ medium_visibility=”yes” medium_width=”0″ mobile_visibility=”yes” shift_x=”0″ shift_y=”0″ z_index=”0″ width=”1\/6″][\/vc_column][vc_column column_width_percent=”100″ position_vertical=”middle” align_horizontal=”align_center” expand_height=”yes” overlay_alpha=”50″ gutter_size=”3″ medium_width=”0″ shift_x=”0″ shift_y=”0″ z_index=”0″ width=”2\/3″][vc_gallery el_id=”gallery-2636478800″ type=”carousel” medias=”953,952,954,956,958,959,962,963,964,961,957,965″ gallery_back_color=”color-lxmt” carousel_lg=”1″ carousel_md=”1″ carousel_sm=”1″ gutter_size=”1″ media_items=”media|lightbox|original,caption” carousel_type=”fade” carousel_interval=”15000″ carousel_navspeed=”400″ carousel_loop=”yes” carousel_nav=”yes” carousel_dots=”yes” carousel_dots_mobile=”yes” carousel_autoh=”yes” single_text=”under” single_back_color=”color-lxmt” single_overlay_opacity=”50″ single_overlay_anim=”no” single_image_anim=”no” single_v_position=”top” single_reduced=”half” single_h_position=”center” single_padding=”1″ single_text_reduced=”yes” single_title_dimension=”bigtext” single_title_family=”font-319756″ lbox_skin=”white” lbox_dir=”vertical” lbox_caption=”yes” lbox_social=”yes” lbox_no_tmb=”yes”][vc_empty_space empty_h=”0″][\/vc_column][vc_column column_width_percent=”10″ overlay_alpha=”50″ gutter_size=”3″ medium_width=”0″ shift_x=”0″ shift_y=”0″ z_index=”0″ width=”1\/6″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row row_height_percent=”0″ overlay_color=”color-xsdn” overlay_alpha=”90″ gutter_size=”3″ shift_y=”0″ row_name=”TEXT”][vc_column column_width_percent=”70″ overlay_alpha=”50″ gutter_size=”3″ medium_width=”0″ shift_x=”0″ shift_y=”0″ z_index=”0″ width=”1\/1″][vc_column_text]Practic, din totalul celor care muncesc, dac\u0103 \u00eei l\u0103s\u0103m la o parte pe cei 39% care sunt angaja\u021bi, restul sunt dependen\u021bi de ceea ce produc, iar dac\u0103 nu produc, nu au alte surse de trai, ceea ce \u00eei face extrem de expu\u0219i riscului de s\u0103r\u0103cie. Nu mor de foame, dar cam at\u00e2t, iar asta se vede \u0219i \u00een statistici: regiunile unde nivelul de ocupare \u00een agricultur\u0103 e foarte ridicat sunt \u0219i cele mai s\u0103race din Rom\u00e2nia (Nord Estul Moldovei, Dobrogea, zona de Sud a Munteniei).<\/p>\n

Muncesc, \u0219i cu toate astea sunt s\u0103raci \u0219i vulnerabili: nivelul lor de trai e foarte sc\u0103zut, au suprafe\u021be de teren mici, nu \u00ee\u0219i permit s\u0103 fac\u0103 investi\u021bii \u00een gospod\u0103rie \u0219i, de cele mai multe ori, nu \u00ee\u0219i permit nici s\u0103-\u0219i trimit\u0103 copiii la liceu, dac\u0103 liceul e \u00een alt\u0103 localitate. O dat\u0103 pentru c\u0103 nu au bani de transport \u0219i \u00een al doilea r\u00e2nd pentru c\u0103 au nevoie de ei la munc\u0103.<\/p>\n

\u00cen alte \u021b\u0103ri europene, nu numai c\u0103 aceia care lucreaz\u0103 \u00een agricultur\u0103 sunt mult mai pu\u021bini (5% fa\u021b\u0103 de 29% la noi), dar sunt \u0219i mai pu\u021bin vulnerabili, pentru c\u0103 fac o munc\u0103 mult mai productiv\u0103, \u0219i asta \u00een primul r\u00e2nd pentru c\u0103 se asociaz\u0103 \u00een cooperative care le permit un acces mai facil la utilaje (le cump\u0103r\u0103 \u00eempreun\u0103 \u0219i le folosesc to\u021bi) \u0219i la un sistem de distribu\u021bie \u0219i valorificare a produselor ob\u021binute.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row row_height_percent=”0″ overlay_alpha=”50″ gutter_size=”3″ shift_y=”0″ row_name=”INFOGRAFIC”][vc_column width=”1\/1″][vc_single_image media=”966″ media_width_percent=”100″ alignment=”center”][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row row_height_percent=”0″ overlay_color=”color-xsdn” overlay_alpha=”90″ gutter_size=”3″ shift_y=”0″ row_name=”TEXT”][vc_column column_width_percent=”70″ overlay_alpha=”50″ gutter_size=”3″ medium_width=”0″ shift_x=”0″ shift_y=”0″ z_index=”0″ width=”1\/1″][vc_column_text]“Munca \u00een agricultura de semisubzisten\u021b\u0103 este unul dintre principalii factori care stau la baza riscului ridicat cu care se confrunt\u0103 Rom\u00e2nia \u00een materie de s\u0103r\u0103cie sau excluziune social\u0103. Mai mult de jum\u0103tate din locuitorii zonelor rurale sunt expu\u0219i riscului de s\u0103r\u0103cie sau de excluziune social\u0103.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Veniturile reduse asociate cu agricultura de semisubzisten\u021b\u0103 sunt cauza ratei celei mai ridicate a s\u0103r\u0103ciei persoanelor \u00eencadrate \u00een munc\u0103 din Uniunea European\u0103 (20%) \u0219i o concentra\u021bie a s\u0103r\u0103ciei monetare \u00een zonele rurale (71%).”<\/span><\/em>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

Raportul Comisiei Europene pentru Rom\u00e2nia 2016, \u00een cadrul Semestrului European<\/h5>\n

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\n

Recomandarea Comisiei Europene pentru Rom\u00e2nia (2016) prevede\u00a0\u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea accesului la servicii publice integrate, extinderea\u00a0infrastructurii de\u00a0baz\u0103 \u0219i \u00eencurajarea diversific\u0103rii economice, \u00een special \u00een zonele rurale.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

[\/vc_custom_heading][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row unlock_row_content=”yes” row_height_percent=”5″ override_padding=”yes” h_padding=”0″ top_padding=”1″ bottom_padding=”1″ overlay_alpha=”50″ gutter_size=”3″ shift_y=”0″][vc_column column_width_percent=”65″ position_vertical=”middle” align_horizontal=”align_center” back_color=”color-xsdn” overlay_alpha=”50″ gutter_size=”2″ medium_width=”0″ shift_x=”0″ shift_y=”0″ z_index=”0″ width=”1\/1″][vc_empty_space empty_h=”3″][vc_button button_color=”color-vyce” size=”btn-sm” radius=”btn-circle” border_animation=”btn-ripple-in” css_animation=”alpha-anim” link=”url:http%3A%2F%2Feur-lex.europa.eu%2Flegal-content%2FRO%2FTXT%2FPDF%2F%3Furi%3DCELEX%3A52016DC0343%26from%3DEN||target:%20_blank|” icon=”fa fa-bookmark”]Descarc\u0103 Recomand\u0103rile de \u021bar\u0103 2016[\/vc_button][vc_empty_space empty_h=”3″][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

Material realizat cu sprijinul\u00a0Uniunii Europene.\u00a0Opiniile exprimate \u00een acest material\u00a0nu reprezint\u0103 \u00een mod necesar pozi\u021bia oficial\u0103 a Uniunii Europene, cu excep\u021bia cazurilor c\u00e2nd aceasta este formulat\u0103 explicit.<\/span><\/em><\/h6>\n

[\/vc_column_text][vc_single_image media=”122″ media_width_percent=”20″ alignment=”center” advanced=”yes” media_items=”media|original” media_overlay_opacity=”50″ media_image_anim=”no” media_padding=”2″ lbox_caption=”yes” lbox_connected=”yes”][vc_empty_space empty_h=”3″][vc_button button_color=”color-vyce” size=”btn-sm” radius=”btn-circle” border_animation=”btn-ripple-in” css_animation=”alpha-anim” link=”url:https%3A%2F%2Fec.europa.eu%2Finfo%2Fsites%2Finfo%2Ffiles%2Fcr_romania_2016_ro_0.pdf||target:%20_blank|” icon=”fa fa-bookmark”]Descarc\u0103 Raportul de \u021bar\u0103 2016[\/vc_button][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row row_height_percent=”0″ overlay_alpha=”50″ gutter_size=”3″ shift_y=”0″ row_name=”RECOMAND\u0102RI COMISIA EUROPEAN\u0102”][vc_column width=”1\/1″][vc_empty_space empty_h=”3″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

[vc_row unlock_row_content=”yes” row_height_percent=”100″ back_image=”9″ parallax=”yes” overlay_alpha=”0″ gutter_size=”3″ shift_y=”0″ row_name=”SUS”][vc_column column_width_percent=”100″ position_horizontal=”left” position_vertical=”bottom” align_horizontal=”align_center” overlay_alpha=”25″ gutter_size=”3″ medium_width=”0″ shift_x=”0″ shift_y=”0″ z_index=”0″ width=”1\/1″][vc_column_text] […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":43245,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[96],"tags":[6,99],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.documentaria.ro\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.documentaria.ro\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.documentaria.ro\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.documentaria.ro\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.documentaria.ro\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24"}],"version-history":[{"count":131,"href":"https:\/\/www.documentaria.ro\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":44133,"href":"https:\/\/www.documentaria.ro\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24\/revisions\/44133"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.documentaria.ro\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/43245"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.documentaria.ro\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.documentaria.ro\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=24"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.documentaria.ro\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=24"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}